The Effect of Acaulospora sp on Canavalia ensiformis L Roots Growth at

Nickel Post-mine Land

Muhammad Akhsan Akib¹, Kahar Mustari², Tutik Kuswinanti^3,*,

Syatrianty Andi Syaiful².

^1.  Graduate school, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia, and Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare, South Sulawesi, 91131, Indonesia.

^2.  Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia.

^3.  Department of Plant Pests and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia.

^*   Corresponding author, phone: +62-8134256241, Fax: +62-411585162, postal address:  Department of  Plant Pests and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan, KM. 10,  Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia, e-mail: koeswinanti@yahoo.com

Abstract

Plant root growth was greatly influenced by the chemical properties of the soil; therefore excessive heavy metals content in the soil will obstruct the growth of root. One alternative method to overcome this problem in nickel contaminated land is through application of indigenous microbial as biological agents. The aim of this research is to study the effect of Acaulospora sp as biological agents against the growth of Canavalia ensiformis root at nickel post-mining land in Sorowako, East Luwu district, South Sulawesi province, Indonesia. The research was carried out in nursery of PT. Vale Indonesia, from December 2016 until May 2017. Randomized block design (RBD) was selected to apply treatments application of native Acaulospora sp, exotic Acaulospora sp and without Acaulospora sp as the control. Isolation of native Acaulospora sp was carried out in the laboratory of Microbiology Research and Development Hall of Environment and Forestry of Makassar, South Sulawesi. The results showed that the application of native Acaulospora sp to Canavalia ensiformis in nickel post-mine land was able to increase the number of lateral roots from 20.07 up 28.83%; root length from 11.26 to 31.76%; volume of root 20.51%; dry weight root from 5.73 to 16.77% and root-shoot ratio from 3.44 to 30.18%. The result also showed that the native Acaulospora sp give effect on acceleration process of adaptation and increase the growth of Canavalia ensiformis roots as candidate of phytoaccumulator plants in the land with high nickel concentration are latest information from this research. Further identification of native strains Acaulospora sp with high tolerance to nickel will expand the horizons of research related to bioremediation process needed in the land post-mines as land post-mine nickel in Sorowako.

Keywords: Bioremediation, heavy metal, lateral root, mycorrhiza, phytoaccumulator, phytohormone.